Hypertension: What You Need to Know About High Blood Pressure
By Leigh Hinson, FNP
High blood pressure, also called hypertension, occurs when the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. Over time, this pressure damages blood vessels and organs, increasing the risk of serious health problems.
Q: If I feel fine, why does high blood pressure matter?
A: High blood pressure often has no symptoms, which is why it’s known as the “silent killer”. Many people don’t realize their blood pressure is high until they experience a heart attack, stroke, or kidney problems. Feeling well does not mean your blood pressure is under control.
Q: What causes high blood pressure?
A: Hypertension usually develops gradually and may be influenced by family history; high-salt or highly processed diets; physical inactivity; excess weight; smoking or excessive alcohol use; chronic stress; conditions such as diabetes or kidney disease; and often, there is no single cause.
Q: What blood pressure numbers are considered high?
A: Blood pressure is measured using two numbers. Normal, which is less than 120/80 and high blood pressure which is 130/80 or higher. Your healthcare provider may recommend different targets based on your individual health needs.
Q: What problems can uncontrolled high blood pressure cause?
A: Over time, untreated hypertension can lead to heart attack and heart failure; stroke; kidney disease; vision loss; and damage to blood vessels.
These complications can develop silently over years.
Q: Can lifestyle change lower blood pressure?
A: Yes. Lifestyle changes play a major role in blood pressure control, including eating a heart-healthy diet with less salt; staying physically active; maintaining a healthy weight; managing stress; and quitting smoking. Some people may also need medication to keep blood pressure in a safe range.
Q: Do I need to take blood pressure medication even if I feel okay?
A: Yes. Blood pressure medications work by protecting your heart and blood vessels, even when you don’t feel symptoms. Stopping medication without medical guidance can be dangerous.
Q: How often should I check my blood pressure?
A: Many adults benefit from checking blood pressure at home using an automated cuff. Home readings can help detect changes early and guide treatment decisions. Your provider can recommend how often to check and when to call with concerns.
High blood pressure is common, silent, and serious but it is also treatable and manageable. Knowing your numbers and acting early can dramatically reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke. During February as Heart Month, make blood pressure awareness a priority for your long-term health.
Leigh Hinson is a board-certified nurse practitioner with UNC Health Southeastern Cardiology and Cardiovascular Care. To learn more about health services available through UNC Health Southeastern, visit Heart & Vascular Care | Lumberton, NC | UNC Health Southeastern.
